Basic Income(s): Political Parties’ Positions and Cleavages on the French-Speaking Belgian Scene (version 2)

Social protection systems are under growing pressure and face many challenges. Some argue that a universal basic income has the potential to transcend political cleavages and offer the ground for a welfare reform. While previous literature has increasingly tackled basic income’s feasibility, ground-based research is still scarce. This study intends to fill this gap by considering the positions of five French-speaking Belgian parties (PTB, PS, Ecolo, Les Engagés & MR) on basic income. Through a qualitative analysis of grey literature and interviews, the paper shows that basic income proposals coming from liberals, democrats, and ecologists are representative of the left-right cleavage. This is explained by the multidimensionality of the ‘basic income’ concept but also by diverging visions on work and society. By studying concrete parties’ positions, this paper adds to the growing body of empirical literature about basic income and its feasibility.