Paramagnetic Rim Lesions are Specific to Multiple Sclerosis: An International Multicenter 3T MRI Study.

Maggi, Pietro [UCL] Sati, Pascal Nair, Govind Cortese, Irene C M Jacobson, Steven Smith, Bryan R Nath, Avindra Ohayon, Joan Van Pesch, Vincent [UCL] Perrotta, Gaetano Pot, Caroline Théaudin, Marie Martinelli, Vittorio Scotti, Roberta Wu, Tianxia Du Pasquier, Renaud Calabresi, Peter A Filippi, Massimo Reich, Daniel S Absinta, Martina et al.[show all]

In multiple sclerosis (MS), a subset of chronic active white matter lesions are identifiable on magnetic resonance imaging by their paramagnetic rims, and increasing evidence supports their association with severity of clinical disease. We studied their potential role in differential diagnosis, screening an international multicenter clinical research-based sample of 438 individuals affected by different neurological conditions (MS, other inflammatory, infectious, and non-inflammatory conditions). Paramagnetic rim lesions, rare in other neurological conditions (52% of MS vs 7% of non-MS cases), yielded high specificity (93%) in differentiating MS from non-MS. Future prospective multicenter studies should validate their role as a diagnostic biomarker. ANN NEUROL 2020;88:1034-1042.