Optimization of the array element positions based on the analytical dependence of the mutual coupling in the GSM array formulation

Positions of array antenna elements are optimized taking advantage of the analytical dependence of the mutual coupling in the Generalized Scattering Matrix (GSM) finite array formulation. First, spatial derivatives for the GSM formulation are analytically computed. Then, they are applied to the synthesis of uniform amplitude finite arrays, by rotating the elements of the array or by changing their positions, through a gradientbased optimization method.