User menu

Accès à distance ? S'identifier sur le proxy UCLouvain

Survey of capabilities and applications of accurate clocks: directions for planetary science

Primary tabs

Dehant, Véronique [UCL] Park, Ryan [Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA] Dirkx, Dominique [Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands] Iess, Luciano [University of Rome, Rome, Italy] Neumann, Gregory [NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, USA] Van Hoolst, Tim [Royal Observatory of Belgium, Uccle, Belgium]

For planetary science, accurate clocks are mainly used as part of an onboard radioscience transponder. In the case of two-way radio data, the dominating data type for planetary radioscience, an accurate spacecraft clock is not necessary since the measurements can be calibrated using high-precision clocks on Earth. In the case of one-way radio data, however, an accurate clock can make the precision of one-way radio data be comparable to the two-way data, and possibly better since only one leg of radio path would be affected by the media. This article addresses several ways to improve observations for planetary science, either by improving the onboard clock or by using further variants of the classical radioscience methods, e.g., Same Beam Interferometry (SBI). For a clock to be useful for planetary science, we conclude that it must have at least a short-time stability (< 1,000 s) better than 10−13 and its size be substantially miniaturized. A special case of using laser ranging to the Moon and the implication of having an accurate clock is shown as an example.

Document type Article de périodique (Journal article) – Article de recherche
Access type Accès restreint
Publication date 2017
Language Anglais
Journal information "Space Science Reviews" - Vol. 212, p. 1433-1451 (2017)
Peer reviewed yes
Publisher Springer Netherlands (Dordrecht)
issn 0038-6308
e-issn 1572-9672
Publication status Publié
Affiliation UCL - SST/ELI/ELIC - Earth & Climate
Keywords Radioscience ; atomic clock ; positioning
Links
  1. J.B. Abshire, X. Sun, G. Neumann, J. McGarry, T. Zagwodzki, P. Jester, H. Riris, M. Zuber, D.E. Smith, Laser pulses from Earth detected at Mars, in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference and Photonic Applications Systems Technologies, Technical Digest (CD) (Optical Society of America, Washington, 2006), paper CThT6
  2. Asmar S. W., Armstrong J. W., Iess L., Tortora P., Spacecraft Doppler tracking: Noise budget and accuracy achievable in precision radio science observations : SPACECRAFT DOPPLER TRACKING, 10.1029/2004rs003101
  3. Baland Rose-Marie, Tobie Gabriel, Lefèvre Axel, Van Hoolst Tim, Titan’s internal structure inferred from its gravity field, shape, and rotation state, 10.1016/j.icarus.2014.04.007
  4. Bauer S., Hussmann H., Oberst J., Dirkx D., Mao D., Neumann G.A., Mazarico E., Torrence M.H., McGarry J.F., Smith D.E., Zuber M.T., Demonstration of orbit determination for the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter using one-way laser ranging data, 10.1016/j.pss.2016.06.005
  5. Bauer S., Hussmann H., Oberst J., Dirkx D., Mao D., Neumann G.A., Mazarico E., Torrence M.H., McGarry J.F., Smith D.E., Zuber M.T., Analysis of one-way laser ranging data to LRO, time transfer and clock characterization, 10.1016/j.icarus.2016.09.026
  6. Bender Peter L., Proposed microwave transponders for early lunar robotic landers, 10.1016/0273-1177(94)90033-7
  7. D.M. Boroson, B.S. Robinson, D.V. Murphy et al., Overview and results of the lunar laser communication demonstration. Proc. SPIE 8971, 1–11 (2014)
  8. Buccino Dustin R., Seubert Jill A., Asmar Sami W., Park Ryan S., Optical Ranging Measurement with a Lunar Orbiter: Limitations and Potential, 10.2514/1.a33415
  9. Degnan John J., Millimeter accuracy satellite laser ranging: A review, Contributions of Space Geodesy to Geodynamics: Technology (1993) ISBN:0875905269 p.133-162, 10.1029/gd025p0133
  10. Degnan John J., Asynchronous laser transponders for precise interplanetary ranging and time transfer, 10.1016/s0264-3707(02)00044-3
  11. Dehant Veronique, Folkner William, Renotte Etienne, Orban Daniel, Asmar Sami, Balmino Georges, Barriot Jean-Pierre, Benoist Jeremy, Biancale Richard, Biele Jens, Budnik Frank, Burger Stefaan, de Viron Olivier, Häusler Bernd, Karatekin Özgur, Le Maistre Sébastien, Lognonné Philippe, Menvielle Michel, Mitrovic Michel, Pätzold Martin, Rivoldini Attilio, Rosenblatt Pascal, Schubert Gerald, Spohn Tilman, Tortora Paolo, Van Hoolst Tim, Witasse Olivier, Yseboodt Marie, Lander radioscience for obtaining the rotation and orientation of Mars, 10.1016/j.pss.2008.08.009
  12. Dehant V., Le Maistre S., Rivoldini A., Yseboodt M., Rosenblatt P., Van Hoolst T., Mitrovic M., Karatekin Ö., Marty J.C., Chicarro A., Revealing Mars’ deep interior: Future geodesy missions using radio links between landers, orbiters, and the Earth, 10.1016/j.pss.2010.03.014
  13. Dehant Veronique, Banerdt Bruce, Lognonné Philippe, Grott Matthias, Asmar Sami, Biele Jens, Breuer Doris, Forget François, Jaumann Ralf, Johnson Catherine, Knapmeyer Martin, Langlais Benoit, Le Feuvre Mathieu, Mimoun David, Mocquet Antoine, Read Peter, Rivoldini Attilio, Romberg Oliver, Schubert Gerald, Smrekar Sue, Spohn Tilman, Tortora Paolo, Ulamec Stephan, Vennerstrøm Susanne, Future Mars geophysical observatories for understanding its internal structure, rotation, and evolution, 10.1016/j.pss.2011.10.016
  14. Dehant V., Oberst J., Nadalini R., Schreiber U., Rambaux N., Geodesy instrument package on the Moon for improving our knowledge of the Moon and the realization of reference frames, 10.1016/j.pss.2012.02.008
  15. Dirkx D., Noomen R., Visser P.N.A.M., Bauer S., Vermeersen L.L.A., Comparative analysis of one- and two-way planetary laser ranging concepts, 10.1016/j.pss.2015.06.005
  16. D. Dirkx, Interplanetary laser ranging—analysis for implementation in planetary science mission. PhD thesis, Delft University of Technology (2015)
  17. Dirkx D., Noomen R., Visser P. N. A. M., Gurvits L. I., Vermeersen L. L. A., Space-time dynamics estimation from space mission tracking data, 10.1051/0004-6361/201527524
  18. Efroimsky Michael, Bodily tides near spin–orbit resonances, 10.1007/s10569-011-9397-4
  19. The Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer Mission (LADEE), ISBN:9783319187167, 10.1007/978-3-319-18717-4
  20. M. Fermi, P. Bender, B. Bertotti, M. Chersich, M. Gregnanin, L. Iess, L. Simone, Investigation of the lunar interior with a microwave interferometer. 37th COSPAR Scientific Assembly, paper P162-TueWed B01-0062-08 (2008)
  21. Folkner W. M., Yoder C. F., Yuan D. N., Standish E. M., Preston R. A., Interior Structure and Seasonal Mass Redistribution of Mars from Radio Tracking of Mars Pathfinder, 10.1126/science.278.5344.1749
  22. Gregnanin M., Bertotti B., Chersich M., Fermi M., Iess L., Simone L., Tortora P., Williams J.G., Same beam interferometry as a tool for the investigation of the lunar interior, 10.1016/j.pss.2012.08.027
  23. M. Gregnanin, M. Yseboodt, V. Dehant, L. Iess, T. Van Hoolst, Estimation of Mars geophysical information through Same Beam Interferometry, in Proc. European Planetary Science Congress EPSC 2014, Centro de Congressos do Estoril, Cascais, Portugal Austria, 7–12 September, 2014, vol. 9 (2014), EPSC2014-EPSC395
  24. H. Hemmati, K.M. Birnbaum, W.H. Farr, S. Turyshev, A. Biswas, Combined laser communications and laser ranging transponder for Moon and Mars, in Free-Space Laser Communication Technologies XXI. SPIE Conference Series, vol. 7199 (2009), No. 71990N
  25. L. Iess, M. Fermi, P. Bender, B. Bertotti, M. Gregnanin, L. Simon, A microwave interferometer for the investigation of the lunar interior. NASA NOI N9-ILN09-0016 for the International Lunar Network (2008)
  26. Iess Luciano, Di Benedetto Mauro, James Nick, Mercolino Mattia, Simone Lorenzo, Tortora Paolo, Astra: Interdisciplinary study on enhancement of the end-to-end accuracy for spacecraft tracking techniques, 10.1016/j.actaastro.2013.06.011
  27. Konopliv A. S., Yoder C. F., Venusiank2tidal Love number from Magellan and PVO tracking data, 10.1029/96gl01589
  28. Konopliv Alex S., Asmar Sami W., Folkner William M., Karatekin Özgür, Nunes Daniel C., Smrekar Suzanne E., Yoder Charles F., Zuber Maria T., Mars high resolution gravity fields from MRO, Mars seasonal gravity, and other dynamical parameters, 10.1016/j.icarus.2010.10.004
  29. Kuchynka Petr, Folkner William M., A new approach to determining asteroid masses from planetary range measurements, 10.1016/j.icarus.2012.11.003
  30. Kuchynka Petr, Folkner William M., Konopliv Alex S., Parker Timothy J., Park Ryan S., Maistre Sebastien Le, Dehant Veronique, New constraints on Mars rotation determined from radiometric tracking of the Opportunity Mars Exploration Rover, 10.1016/j.icarus.2013.11.015
  31. Le Maistre Sébastien, Rosenblatt Pascal, Rivoldini Attilio, Dehant Véronique, Marty Jean-Charles, Karatekin Ozgür, Lander radio science experiment with a direct link between Mars and the Earth, 10.1016/j.pss.2011.12.020
  32. D. Mao, J. McGarry, M. Torrence, G. Neumann, E. Mazarico, M. Barker, X. Sun, D. Rowlands, J. Golder, T. Zagwodzki, J. Cavanaugh, M. Zuber, D. Smith, Laser ranging experiment on Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter: timing determination and orbit constraints, in Proceedings of ILRS Workshop, Bad Kotzing, Germany, May 2012 (2012). http://cddis.gsfc.nasa.gov/lw17/docs/papers/session13/02-Mao_LRO-LR_Kotzting2011_paper_final.pdf
  33. Mao Dandan, McGarry Jan F., Mazarico Erwan, Neumann Gregory A., Sun Xiaoli, Torrence Mark H., Zagwodzki Thomas W., Rowlands David D., Hoffman Evan D., Horvath Julie E., Golder James E., Barker Michael K., Smith David E., Zuber Maria T., The laser ranging experiment of the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter: Five years of operations and data analysis , 10.1016/j.icarus.2016.07.003
  34. E. Mazarico, F.G. Lemoine, S. Goossens, T.J. Sabaka, J.B. Nicholas, D.D. Rowlands, G.A. Neumann, M.H. Torrence, D.E. Smith, M.T. Zuber, Improved precision orbit determination of lunar orbiters from the GRAIL-derived lunar gravity models. Adv. Astronaut. Sci. 148, 1125–1141 (2013)
  35. Mitri Giuseppe, Meriggiola Rachele, Hayes Alex, Lefevre Axel, Tobie Gabriel, Genova Antonio, Lunine Jonathan I., Zebker Howard, Shape, topography, gravity anomalies and tidal deformation of Titan, 10.1016/j.icarus.2014.03.018
  36. Moore William B., Schubert Gerald, The tidal response of Ganymede and Callisto with and without liquid water oceans, 10.1016/j.icarus.2003.07.001
  37. T.D. Moyer, Formulation for Observed and Computed Values of Deep Space Network Data Types for Navigation. Monograph 2 Deep Space Communications and Navigation Series (2000). 549 pp.
  38. Murphy T. W., Adelberger E. G., Battat J. B. R., Carey L. N., Hoyle C. D., LeBlanc P., Michelsen E. L., Nordtvedt K., Orin A. E., Strasburg J. D., Stubbs C. W., Swanson H. E., Williams E., The Apache Point Observatory Lunar Laser-ranging Operation: Instrument Description and First Detections, 10.1086/526428
  39. Nimmo F., Faul U. H., Garnero E. J., Dissipation at tidal and seismic frequencies in a melt-free Moon : DISSIPATION IN A MELT-FREE MOON, 10.1029/2012je004160
  40. Oberst Jürgen, Lainey Valéry, Poncin-Lafitte Christophe Le, Dehant Veronique, Rosenblatt Pascal, Ulamec Stephan, Biele Jens, Spurmann Jörn, Kahle Ralph, Klein Volker, Schreiber Ulrich, Schlicht Anja, Rambaux Nicolas, Laurent Philippe, Noyelles Benoît, Foulon Bernard, Zakharov Alexander, Gurvits Leonid, Uchaev Denis, Murchie Scott, Reed Cheryl, Turyshev Slava G., Gil Jesus, Graziano Mariella, Willner Konrad, Wickhusen Kai, Pasewaldt Andreas, Wählisch Marita, Hoffmann Harald, GETEMME—a mission to explore the Martian satellites and the fundamentals of solar system physics, 10.1007/s10686-012-9307-0
  41. Park R.S., Konopliv A.S., Asmar S.W., Bills B.G., Gaskell R.W., Raymond C.A., Smith D.E., Toplis M.J., Zuber M.T., Gravity field expansion in ellipsoidal harmonic and polyhedral internal representations applied to Vesta, 10.1016/j.icarus.2013.12.005
  42. Park R. S., Konopliv A. S., Bills B. G., Rambaux N., Castillo-Rogez J. C., Raymond C. A., Vaughan A. T., Ermakov A. I., Zuber M. T., Fu R. R., Toplis M. J., Russell C. T., Nathues A., Preusker F., A partially differentiated interior for (1) Ceres deduced from its gravity field and shape, 10.1038/nature18955
  43. Rambaux N., Williams J. G., The Moon’s physical librations and determination of their free modes, 10.1007/s10569-010-9314-2
  44. Smith D. E., Two-Way Laser Link over Interplanetary Distance, 10.1126/science.1120091
  45. Turyshev Slava G., Farr William, Folkner William M., Girerd André R., Hemmati Hamid, Murphy Thomas W., Williams James G., Degnan John J., Advancing tests of relativistic gravity via laser ranging to Phobos, 10.1007/s10686-010-9199-9
  46. Turyshev Slava G., Williams James G., Folkner William M., Gutt Gary M., Baran Richard T., Hein Randall C., Somawardhana Ruwan P., Lipa John A., Wang Suwen, Corner-cube retro-reflector instrument for advanced lunar laser ranging, 10.1007/s10686-012-9324-z
  47. Wahr J. M., Zuber M. T., Smith D. E., Lunine J. I., Tides on Europa, and the thickness of Europa's icy shell : TIDES ON EUROPA, 10.1029/2006je002729
  48. Williams J. G., Newhall X. X., Dickey J. O., Relativity parameters determined from lunar laser ranging, 10.1103/physrevd.53.6730
  49. WILLIAMS JAMES G., TURYSHEV SLAVA G., MURPHY THOMAS W., IMPROVING LLR TESTS OF GRAVITATIONAL THEORY, 10.1142/s0218271804004682
  50. WILLIAMS JAMES G., TURYSHEV SLAVA G., BOGGS DALE H., LUNAR LASER RANGING TESTS OF THE EQUIVALENCE PRINCIPLE WITH THE EARTH AND MOON, 10.1142/s021827180901500x
  51. Williams James G., Konopliv Alexander S., Boggs Dale H., Park Ryan S., Yuan Dah-Ning, Lemoine Frank G., Goossens Sander, Mazarico Erwan, Nimmo Francis, Weber Renee C., Asmar Sami W., Melosh H. Jay, Neumann Gregory A., Phillips Roger J., Smith David E., Solomon Sean C., Watkins Michael M., Wieczorek Mark A., Andrews-Hanna Jeffrey C., Head James W., Kiefer Walter S., Matsuyama Isamu, McGovern Patrick J., Taylor G. Jeffrey, Zuber Maria T., Lunar interior properties from the GRAIL mission : Lunar Interior Properties, 10.1002/2013je004559
  52. Williams James G., Boggs Dale. H., Tides on the Moon: Theory and determination of dissipation : Tides on the Moon, 10.1002/2014je004755
  53. Wu Xiaoping, Bar-Sever Yoaz E., Folkner William M., Williams James G., Zumberge James F., Probing Europa's hidden ocean from tidal effects on orbital dynamics, 10.1029/2000gl012814
  54. Zhong Shijie, Qin Chuan, A Geruo, Wahr John, Can tidal tomography be used to unravel the long-wavelength structure of the lunar interior? : TIDAL TOMOGRAPHY FOR THE LUNAR MANTLE, 10.1029/2012gl052362
  55. Zuber Maria T., Smith David E., Zellar Ronald S., Neumann Gregory A., Sun Xiaoli, Katz Richard B., Kleyner Igor, Matuszeski Adam, McGarry Jan F., Ott Melanie N., Ramos-Izquierdo Luis A., Rowlands David D., Torrence Mark H., Zagwodzki Thomas W., The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Laser Ranging Investigation, 10.1007/s11214-009-9511-z
Bibliographic reference Dehant, Véronique ; Park, Ryan ; Dirkx, Dominique ; Iess, Luciano ; Neumann, Gregory ; et. al. Survey of capabilities and applications of accurate clocks: directions for planetary science. In: Space Science Reviews, Vol. 212, p. 1433-1451 (2017)
Permanent URL http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/194030