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Impact of oxidative stress on ascorbate biosynthesis in Chlamydomonas via regulation of the VTC2 gene encoding a GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase

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Urzica, Eugen I. Adler, Lital N. Page, M. Dudley Linster, Carole [UCL] Arbing, Mark A. Clarke, Steven G.

The L-galactose (Smirnoff-Wheeler) pathway represents the major route to L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) biosynthesis in higher plants. Arabidopsis thaliana VTC2 and its paralogue VTC5 function as GDP-L-galactose phosphorylases converting GDP-L-galactose to L-galactose-1-P, thus catalyzing the first committed step in the biosynthesis of L-ascorbate. Here we report that the L-galactose pathway of ascorbate biosynthesis described in higher plants is conserved in green algae. The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii genome encodes all the enzymes required for vitaminC biosynthesis via the L-galactose pathway. We have characterized recombinant C. reinhardtii VTC2 as an active GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase. C. reinhardtii cells exposed to oxidative stressshow increased VTC2 mRNA and L-ascorbate levels. Genes encoding enzymatic components of the ascorbate-glutathione system (e.g. ascorbate peroxidase, manganese superoxide dismutase, and dehydroascorbate reductase) are also up-regulated in response to increased oxidative stress.Theseresults indicate that C. reinhardtii VTC2, like its plant homologs, is a highly regulated enzyme in ascorbate biosynthesis in green algae and that, together with the ascorbate recycling system, the L-galactose pathway represents the major route for providing protective levels of ascorbate in oxidatively stressed algal cells. © 2012 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

Document type Article de périodique (Journal article) – Article de recherche
Access type Accès restreint
Publication date 2012
Language Anglais
Journal information "Journal of Biological Chemistry" - Vol. 287, no. 17, p. 14234-14245 (2012)
Peer reviewed yes
Publisher American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
e-issn 1083-351X
issn 0021-9258
Publication status Publié
Affiliation UCL - SSS/DDUV - Institut de Duve
Links
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Bibliographic reference Urzica, Eugen I. ; Adler, Lital N. ; Page, M. Dudley ; Linster, Carole ; Arbing, Mark A. ; et. al. Impact of oxidative stress on ascorbate biosynthesis in Chlamydomonas via regulation of the VTC2 gene encoding a GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase. In: Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 287, no. 17, p. 14234-14245 (2012)
Permanent URL http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/161141