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Paracheck® rapid diagnostic test for detecting malaria infection in under five children: A population-based survey in Burkina Faso

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Samadoulougou, Sékou Ouindpanga [UCL] Kirakoya, Fati [UCL] Sarrassat, Sophie Tinto, Halidou Bakiono, Fidèle [UCL] Robert, Annie [UCL]

Background: Over the past ten years, Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDT) played a major role in improving the use of biological malaria diagnosis, in particular in poor-resources settings. In Burkina Faso, a recent Demography and Health Survey (DHS) gave the opportunity to assess the performance of the Paracheck® test in under five children nationwide at community level. Methods. A national representative sample of 14,947 households was selected using a stratified two-stage cluster sampling. In one out of two households, all under five children were eligible to be tested for malaria using both RDT and microscopy diagnosis. Paracheck® performance was assessed using miscroscopy as the gold standard. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated as well as the diagnosis accuracy (DA) and the Youden index. Results: The malaria infection prevalence was estimated at 66% (95% CI: 64.8-67.2) according to microscopy and at 76.2% (95% CI: 75.1-77.3) according to Paracheck®. The sensitivity and specificity were estimated at 89.9% (95% CI: 89.0-90.8) and 50.4% (95% CI: 48.3-52.6) respectively with a Diagnosis Accuracy of 77% and a Youden index of 40%. The positive predictive value for malaria infection was 77.9% (95% CI: 76.7-79.1) and the negative predictive value was 72.1% (95% CI: 69.7-74.3). Variations were found by age group, period of the year and urban and rural areas, as well as across the 13 regions of the country. Conclusion: While the sensitivity of the Paracheck® test was high, its specificity was poor in the general under five population of Burkina Faso. These results suggest that Paracheck® is not suitable to assess malaria infection prevalence at community level in areas with high malaria transmission. In such settings, malaria prevalence in the general population could be estimated using microscopy. © 2014 Samadoulougou et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

Document type Article de périodique (Journal article) – Article de recherche
Access type Accès libre
Publication date 2014
Language Anglais
Journal information "Malaria Journal" - Vol. 13, no. 101, p. 1-8 (2014)
Peer reviewed yes
Publisher BioMed Central Ltd. ((United Kingdom) London)
issn 1475-2875
Publication status Publié
Affiliation UCL - SSS/IREC - Institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique
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Bibliographic reference Samadoulougou, Sékou Ouindpanga ; Kirakoya, Fati ; Sarrassat, Sophie ; Tinto, Halidou ; Bakiono, Fidèle ; et. al. Paracheck® rapid diagnostic test for detecting malaria infection in under five children: A population-based survey in Burkina Faso. In: Malaria Journal, Vol. 13, no. 101, p. 1-8 (2014)
Permanent URL http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/160315