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Involvement of gut microbiota in the development of low-grade inflammation and type 2 diabetes associated with obesity

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Cani, Patrice D. [UCL] Osto, Melania [UCL] Geurts, Lucie [UCL] Everard, Amandine [UCL]

Obesity is associated with metabolic alterations related to glucose homeostasis and cardiovascular risk factors. These metabolic alterations are associated with low-grade inflammation that contributes to the onset of these diseases. We and others have provided evidence that gut microbiota participates in whole-body metabolism by affecting energy balance, glucose metabolism, and low-grade inflammation associated with obesity and related metabolic disorders. Recently, we defined gut microbiota-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (and metabolic endotoxemia) as a factor involved in the onset and progression of inflammation and metabolic diseases. In this review, we discuss mechanisms involved in the development of metabolic endotoxemia such as the gut permeability. We also discuss our latest discoveries demonstrating a link between the gut microbiota, endocannabinoid system tone, leptin resistance, gut peptides (glucagon-like peptide-1 and -2), and metabolic features. Finally, we will introduce the role of the gut microbiota in specific dietary treatments (prebiotics and probiotics) and surgical interventions (gastric bypass).

Document type Article de périodique (Journal article) – Article de recherche
Publication date 2012
Language Anglais
Journal information "Gut Microbes" - Vol. 3, no. 4, p. 279-288 (2012)
Peer reviewed yes
Publisher Landes Bioscience ((United States) Austin, TX)
issn 1949-0976
e-issn 1949-0984
Publication status Publié
Affiliation UCL - SSS/LDRI - Louvain Drug Research Institute
Keywords GLP-1 ; metabolic endotoxemia ; GLP-2 ; LPS ; RYGB ; adipose tissue ; endocannabinoid ; gut microbiota ; gut permeability ; liver
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Bibliographic reference Cani, Patrice D. ; Osto, Melania ; Geurts, Lucie ; Everard, Amandine. Involvement of gut microbiota in the development of low-grade inflammation and type 2 diabetes associated with obesity. In: Gut Microbes, Vol. 3, no. 4, p. 279-288 (2012)
Permanent URL http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/118972