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Selective increases of bifidobacteria in gut microflora improve high-fat-diet-induced diabetes in mice through a mechanism associated with endotoxaemia.

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Cani, Patrice D. [UCL] Neyrinck, Audrey M. [UCL] Fava, F Knauf, Claude Burcelin, Rémy G. Delzenne, Nathalie M. [UCL]

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Recent evidence suggests that a particular gut microbial community may favour occurrence of the metabolic diseases. Recently, we reported that high-fat (HF) feeding was associated with higher endotoxaemia and lower Bifidobacterium species (spp.) caecal content in mice. We therefore tested whether restoration of the quantity of caecal Bifidobacterium spp. could modulate metabolic endotoxaemia, the inflammatory tone and the development of diabetes. METHODS: Since bifidobacteria have been reported to reduce intestinal endotoxin levels and improve mucosal barrier function, we specifically increased the gut bifidobacterial content of HF-diet-fed mice through the use of a prebiotic (oligofructose [OFS]). RESULTS: Compared with normal chow-fed control mice, HF feeding significantly reduced intestinal Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria including levels of bifidobacteria, a dominant member of the intestinal microbiota, which is seen as physiologically positive. As expected, HF-OFS-fed mice had totally restored quantities of bifidobacteria. HF-feeding significantly increased endotoxaemia, which was normalised to control levels in HF-OFS-treated mice. Multiple-correlation analyses showed that endotoxaemia significantly and negatively correlated with Bifidobacterium spp., but no relationship was seen between endotoxaemia and any other bacterial group. Finally, in HF-OFS-treated-mice, Bifidobacterium spp. significantly and positively correlated with improved glucose tolerance, glucose-induced insulin secretion and normalised inflammatory tone (decreased endotoxaemia, plasma and adipose tissue proinflammatory cytokines). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Together, these findings suggest that the gut microbiota contribute towards the pathophysiological regulation of endotoxaemia and set the tone of inflammation for occurrence of diabetes and/or obesity. Thus, it would be useful to develop specific strategies for modifying gut microbiota in favour of bifidobacteria to prevent the deleterious effect of HF-diet-induced metabolic diseases.

Document type Article de périodique (Journal article) – Article de recherche – Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Access type Accès restreint
Publication date 2007
Language Anglais
Journal information "Diabetologia : clinical and experimental diabetes and metabolism" - Vol. 50, no. 11, p. 2374-2383 (2007)
Peer reviewed yes
Publisher Springer ((Germany) Heidelberg)
issn 0012-186X
e-issn 1432-0428
Publication status Publié
Affiliation UCL - MD/FARM - Ecole de pharmacie
MESH Subject Adipose Tissue - anatomy & histology ; Animals ; Bifidobacterium - physiology ; Body Weight ; Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology - prevention & control ; Dietary Fats - adverse effects ; Endotoxemia - physiopathology ; Endotoxins - analysis ; Energy Intake ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL
Keywords Bifidobacteria ; Diabetes ; Endotoxin ; GLP-1 ; Glucagon-like peptide-1 ; Gut microflora ; Inflammation ; Obesity ; Prebiotics
Links
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Bibliographic reference Cani, Patrice D. ; Neyrinck, Audrey M. ; Fava, F ; Knauf, Claude ; Burcelin, Rémy G. ; et. al. Selective increases of bifidobacteria in gut microflora improve high-fat-diet-induced diabetes in mice through a mechanism associated with endotoxaemia.. In: Diabetologia : clinical and experimental diabetes and metabolism, Vol. 50, no. 11, p. 2374-2383 (2007)
Permanent URL http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/11096