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Comparative analysis of the phase III clinical trials of anti-PD1 monotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients (CheckMate 141 and KEYNOTE 040).

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Pai, Sara I Faivre, Sandrine Licitra, Lisa Machiels, Jean-Pascal [UCL] Vermorken, Jan B Soulieres, Denis

(eng) Two phase III clinical trials (CheckMate 141 and KEYNOTE 040) have independently demonstrated that overall survival (OS) in recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC) patients, who have failed platinum-based therapy, can be improved with anti-PD1 monotherapy. Treatment with nivolumab or pembrolizumab in R/M HNSCC patients led to an improved OS with a hazards ratio (HR) of 0.70 (95%CI 0.51-0.96; p = 0.01) and HR of 0.80 (95%CI 0.65-0.98, p = 0.0161), respectively, as compared to standard of care (SOC) chemo monotherapy regimens (specifically, cetuximab, docetaxel, or methotrexate). The gain in OS was similar in both studies, underscoring the role of anti-PD1 drugs in R/M HNSCC patients. One of the striking discrepancies between CheckMate 141 and KEYNOTE 040 was the OS observed in the control SOC arms (6.9 months median in KEYNOTE 040 versus 5.1 months in CheckMate 141), which inadvertently set a higher threshold in the bio-statistical analysis of KEYNOTE 040 so that the clinical outcome of every patient was influential in the analysis. We perform a comparative analysis of the two studies to identify potential factors in the control arm that can impact clinical trial bio-statistical outcomes and which may have implications for future immunotherapy clinical trial designs. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02105636 NCT02252042.

Document type Article de périodique (Journal article) – Article de recherche
Access type Accès libre
Publication date 2019
Language Anglais
Journal information "Journal for immunotherapy of cancer" - Vol. 7, no. 1, p. 96 [1-4] (2019)
Peer reviewed yes
Publisher BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. ((United Kingdom) London)
e-issn 2051-1426
Publication status Publié
Affiliations UCL - SSS/IREC/MIRO - Pôle d'imagerie moléculaire, radiothérapie et oncologie
UCL - (SLuc) Unité d'oncologie médicale
UCL - (SLuc) Centre du cancer
Keywords Anti-PD-1 therapy ; Clinical trials ; Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma ; Immune checkpoint therapy ; Immunotherapy
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Bibliographic reference Pai, Sara I ; Faivre, Sandrine ; Licitra, Lisa ; Machiels, Jean-Pascal ; Vermorken, Jan B ; et. al. Comparative analysis of the phase III clinical trials of anti-PD1 monotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients (CheckMate 141 and KEYNOTE 040).. In: Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, Vol. 7, no. 1, p. 96 [1-4] (2019)
Permanent URL http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/216673