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Reemergence of Antarctic sea ice predictability and its link to deep ocean mixing in global climate models

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Marchi, Sylvain [UCL] Fichefet, Thierry [UCL] Goosse, Hugues [UCL] Zunz, Violette [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] Tietsche, Steffen [European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts] Hawkins, Ed [University of Reading]

Satellite observations show a small overall increase in Antarctic sea ice extent (SIE) over the period 1979–2015. However, this upward trend needs to be balanced against recent pronounced SIE fluctuations occurring there. In the space of 3 years, the SIE sank from its highest value ever reached in September 2014 to record low in February 2017. In this work, a set of six state-of-the-art global climate models is used to evaluate the potential predictability of the Antarctic sea ice at such timescales. This first multi-model study of Antarctic sea ice predictability reveals that the ice edge location can potentially be predicted up to 3 years in advance. However, the ice edge location predictability shows contrasted seasonal performances, with high predictability in winter and no predictability in summer. The reemergence of the predictability from one winter to next is provided by the ocean through its large thermal inertia. Sea surface heat anomalies are stored at depth at the end of the winter and influences the sea ice advance the following year as they resurface. The effectiveness of this mechanism across models is found to depend upon the depth of the mixed layer. One should be very cautious about these potential predictability estimates as there is evidence that the Antarctic sea ice predictability is promoted by deep Southern Ocean convection. We therefore suspect models with excessive convection to show higher sea ice potential predictability results due to an incorrect representation of the Southern Ocean.

Document type Article de périodique (Journal article) – Article de recherche
Access type Accès libre
Publication date 2019
Language Anglais
Journal information "Climate Dynamics" - Vol. 52, p. 2775–2797 (2019)
Peer reviewed yes
Publisher Springer Nature
issn 0930-7575
e-issn 1432-0894
Publication status Publié
Affiliation UCL - SST/ELI/ELIC - Earth & Climate
Keywords Predictability ; Deep convection ; Model intercomparison ; Southern Ocean ; Sea ice
Links
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Bibliographic reference Marchi, Sylvain ; Fichefet, Thierry ; Goosse, Hugues ; Zunz, Violette ; Tietsche, Steffen ; et. al. Reemergence of Antarctic sea ice predictability and its link to deep ocean mixing in global climate models. In: Climate Dynamics, Vol. 52, p. 2775–2797 (2019)
Permanent URL http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/214001