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Transcranial magnetic stimulation: Decomposing the processes underlying action preparation.

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Bestmann, Sven Duque, Julie [UCL]

Preparing actions requires the operation of several cognitive control processes that influence the state of the motor system to ensure that the appropriate behavior is ultimately selected and executed. For example, some form of competition resolution ensures that the right action is chosen among alternatives, often in the presence of conflict; at the same time, impulse control ought to be deployed to prevent premature responses. Here we review how state-changes in the human motor system during action preparation can be studied through motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited by transcranial magnetic stimulation over the contralateral primary motor cortex (M1). We discuss how the physiological fingerprints afforded by MEPs have helped to decompose some of the dynamic and effector-specific influences on the motor system during action preparation. We focus on competition resolution, conflict and impulse control, as well as on the influence of higher cognitive decision–related variables. The selected examples demonstrate the usefulness of MEPs as physiological readouts for decomposing the influence of distinct, but often overlapping, control processes on the human motor system during action preparation.

Document type Article de périodique (Journal article) – Article de recherche
Access type Accès restreint
Publication date 2016
Language Anglais
Journal information "The Neuroscientist : reviews at the interface of basic and clinical neurosciences" - Vol. 22, no. 4, p. 392-405
Peer reviewed yes
Publisher Sage Publications, Inc. ((United States) Thousand Oaks)
issn 1073-8584
e-issn 1089-4098
Publication status Publié
Affiliation UCL - SSS/IONS/COSY - Systems & cognitive Neuroscience
Keywords action selection ; action preparation ; decision making ; motor inhibition ; motor excitability ; movement ; motor cortex ; premotor cortex
Links
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Bibliographic reference Bestmann, Sven ; Duque, Julie. Transcranial magnetic stimulation: Decomposing the processes underlying action preparation.. In: The Neuroscientist : reviews at the interface of basic and clinical neurosciences, Vol. 22, no. 4, p. 392-405
Permanent URL http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/162140