D'haen, Sarah Ann Lise
[UCL]
Lambin, Eric
[UCL]
Nielsen, Jonas Østergaard
[Waterworlds Research Centre, University of Copenhagen, Denmark]
At the household level, nonfarm activities are thought to help rural poor households buffer against agricultural risks related to local climate variability by providing them with cash to buy food in the case of harvest shortfalls. Over the recent decades, households in rural Sub-Sahara have been found less dependent on land and subsistence agriculture and an increasing number of households here derive their income from nonfarm activities. This study tests the hypothesis that rural households in Burkina Faso have diversified to the extent that they no longer rely on nonfarm activities as a safety net against adverse local rainfall events. Results show that household decisions to participate in the nonfarm economy could not be directly linked with local rainfall events during the study period in the mid-2000s. However, household participation was determined by adverse rainfall conditions in the major staple food production zone of the country, presumably because these caused a rise in food prices. Results also suggested that Burkinabe households adopted a flexible approach to nonfarm participation in terms of locality and plurality, depending on short-term rainfall conditions. © 2014 Taylor & Francis.
- Abdulai Awudu, CroleRees Anna, Determinants of income diversification amongst rural households in Southern Mali, 10.1016/s0306-9192(01)00013-6
- Neil Adger W, Social Vulnerability to Climate Change and Extremes in Coastal Vietnam, 10.1016/s0305-750x(98)00136-3
- Adger W. Neil, Dessai Suraje, Goulden Marisa, Hulme Mike, Lorenzoni Irene, Nelson Donald R., Naess Lars Otto, Wolf Johanna, Wreford Anita, Are there social limits to adaptation to climate change?, 10.1007/s10584-008-9520-z
- Agergaard Jytte, Thao Vu Thi, Mobile, flexible, and adaptable: female migrants in Hanoi's informal sector : Female Migrants in Hanoi's Informal Sector, 10.1002/psp.622
- Bah M., Environment and Urbanization,, 15, 13 (2003)
- Barrett Christopher B, Bezuneh Mesfin, Aboud Abdillahi, Income diversification, poverty traps and policy shocks in Côte d’Ivoire and Kenya, 10.1016/s0306-9192(01)00017-3
- Barrett C.B, Reardon T, Webb P, Nonfarm income diversification and household livelihood strategies in rural Africa: concepts, dynamics, and policy implications, 10.1016/s0306-9192(01)00014-8
- Beauchemin Cris, Schoumaker Bruno, Migration to cities in Burkina Faso: Does the level of development in sending areas matter?, 10.1016/j.worlddev.2005.04.007
- Belliveau Suzanne, Smit Barry, Bradshaw Ben, Multiple exposures and dynamic vulnerability: Evidence from the grape industry in the Okanagan Valley, Canada, 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2006.03.003
- Berdegué Julio A, Ramı́rez Eduardo, Reardon Thomas, Escobar Germán, Rural Nonfarm Employment and Incomes in Chile, 10.1016/s0305-750x(00)00102-9
- Bharwani S., Bithell M., Downing T. E., New M., Washington R., Ziervogel G., Multi-agent modelling of climate outlooks and food security on a community garden scheme in Limpopo, South Africa, 10.1098/rstb.2005.1742
- Blaikie Piers, Cameron John, Seddon David, Understanding 20 Years of Change in West-Central Nepal: Continuity and Change in Lives and Ideas, 10.1016/s0305-750x(02)00031-1
- Brooks G.E., Landlords and strangers: Ecology, society, and trade in Western Africa, 1000–1630 (1993)
- De Bruijn Mirjam, Van Dijk Han, Drought and Coping Strategies in Fulbe Society in the Haayre (Central Mali) : A Historical Perspective, 10.3406/cea.1994.2041
- Bryceson Deborah Fahy, Deagrarianization and rural employment in sub-Saharan Africa: A sectoral perspective, 10.1016/0305-750x(95)00119-w
- Bryceson Deborah Fahy, The Scramble in Africa: Reorienting Rural Livelihoods, 10.1016/s0305-750x(02)00006-2
- Bryceson D.F., Farewell to farms – De-agrarianisation and employment in Africa (1997)
- Canagarajah S, Newman C, Bhattamishra R, Non-farm income, gender, and inequality: evidence from rural Ghana and Uganda, 10.1016/s0306-9192(01)00011-2
- Cordell D.D., Hoe and wage. A social history of a circular migration system in West Africa (1996)
- COULTHARD S, Adapting to environmental change in artisanal fisheries—Insights from a South Indian Lagoon, 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2008.04.003
- Cox Donald, Fafchamps Marcel, Chapter 58 Extended Family and Kinship Networks: Economic Insights and Evolutionary Directions, Handbook of Development Economics (2007) ISBN:9780444531001 p.3711-3784, 10.1016/s1573-4471(07)04058-2
- David R., Changing places: Women, resource management and migration in the Sahel (1995)
- Davies Susanna, Adaptable Livelihoods, ISBN:9781349244119, 10.1007/978-1-349-24409-6
- Davis Benjamin, Winters Paul, Carletto Gero, Covarrubias Katia, Quiñones Esteban J., Zezza Alberto, Stamoulis Kostas, Azzarri Carlo, DiGiuseppe Stefania, A Cross-Country Comparison of Rural Income Generating Activities, 10.1016/j.worlddev.2009.01.003
- Denton F., Climate change and sustainable development strategies in the making: What should West African countries expect? OECD, ENDA-TM (2000)
- Dercon S., Insurance against poverty (2002)
- Djoudi Houria, Brockhaus Maria, Locatelli Bruno, Once there was a lake: vulnerability to environmental changes in northern Mali, 10.1007/s10113-011-0262-5
- Eakin Hallie, 10.1023/a:1005628631627
- Eakin Hallie, Institutional change, climate risk, and rural vulnerability: Cases from Central Mexico, 10.1016/j.worlddev.2005.06.005
- Ellis Frank, Household strategies and rural livelihood diversification, 10.1080/00220389808422553
- Ellis F., Rural livelihoods and diversity in developing countries (2000)
- Ellis Frank, Agrarian change and rising vulnerability in rural sub-Saharan Africa, 10.1080/13563460600841025
- Evans Hugh Emrys, Ngau Peter, Rural-Urban Relations, Household Income Diversification and Agricultural Productivity, 10.1111/j.1467-7660.1991.tb00424.x
- Fafchamps Marcel, Lund Susan, Risk-sharing networks in rural Philippines, 10.1016/s0304-3878(03)00029-4
- Findley Sally E., Does Drought Increase Migration? A Study of Migration from Rural Mali during the 1983-1985 Drought, 10.2307/2546820
- Fiske S.T., Structures of social life: The four elementary forms of human relations: Communal sharing, authority ranking, equality matching, market pricing (1991)
- de Haan Leo, Zoomers Annelies, Exploring the Frontier of Livelihoods Research, 10.1111/j.0012-155x.2005.00401.x
- Haggblade Steven, Hazell Peter, Brown James, Farm-nonfarm linkages in rural sub-Saharan Africa, 10.1016/0305-750x(89)90232-5
- Haggblade S., Transforming the rural nonfarm economy. Opportunities and threats in the developing world (2007)
- Haggblade S., Transforming the rural nonfarm economy. Opportunities and threats in the developing world, 3 (2007)
- Hampshire Kate, Randall Sara, Seasonal labour migration strategies in the Sahel: coping with poverty or optimising security?, 10.1002/(sici)1099-1220(199909/10)5:5<367::aid-ijpg154>3.0.co;2-o
- Harts-Broekhuis E.J.A., Subsistence and survival in the Sahel (1993)
- Henry Sabine, Schoumaker Bruno, Beauchemin Cris, The Impact of Rainfall on the First Out-Migration: A Multi-level Event-History Analysis in Burkina Faso, 10.1023/b:poen.0000036928.17696.e8
- Hulme Mike, Climatic perspectives on Sahelian desiccation: 1973–1998, 10.1016/s0959-3780(00)00042-x
- Institut National de la Statistique et de la Démographie., Burkina Faso Echantillon de l'Enquête (2004)
- Institut National de la Statistique et de la Démographie., Analyse des résultats de l'enquête annuelle sur les conditions de vie des ménages et du suivi de la pauvreté en 2005 (2005)
- Institut National de la Statistique et de la Démographie., Analyse des résultats de l'enquête annuelle sur les conditions de vie des ménages en 2007 (2007)
- Jones Peter G., Thornton Philip K., Croppers to livestock keepers: livelihood transitions to 2050 in Africa due to climate change, 10.1016/j.envsci.2008.08.006
- Lanjouw Peter, Rural Nonagricultural Employment and Poverty in Ecuador, 10.1086/452448
- Lanjouw Peter, Nonfarm Employment and Poverty in Rural El Salvador, 10.1016/s0305-750x(00)00105-4
- Lanjouw P., Transforming the rural nonfarm economy. Opportunities and threats in the developing world, 55 (2007)
- Lanjouw Peter, Quizon Jaime, Sparrow Robert, Non-agricultural earnings in peri-urban areas of Tanzania: evidence from household survey data, 10.1016/s0306-9192(01)00010-0
- Lay Jann, Mahmoud Toman Omar, M’Mukaria George Michuki, Few Opportunities, Much Desperation: The Dichotomy of Non-Agricultural Activities and Inequality in Western Kenya, 10.1016/j.worlddev.2007.12.003
- Lebel Thierry, Ali Abdou, Recent trends in the Central and Western Sahel rainfall regime (1990–2007), 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2008.11.030
- Leichenko Robin M., O'Brien Karen L., 10.1023/a:1015860421954
- Leichenko Robin, O'Brien Karen, Environmental Change and Globalization, ISBN:9780195177329, 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195177329.001.0001
- Marenya P.P., Education, nonfarm income, and investment in land-scarce Western Kenya, basis briefs, 14 (2003)
- McCann James C., Climate and Causation in African History, 10.2307/220342
- Mertz Ole, D’haen Sarah, Maiga Abdou, Moussa Ibrahim Bouzou, Barbier Bruno, Diouf Awa, Diallo Drissa, Da Evariste Dapola, Dabi Daniel, Climate Variability and Environmental Stress in the Sudan-Sahel Zone of West Africa, 10.1007/s13280-011-0231-8
- Mertz O., Ecology and Society,, 15 (2011)
- Mertz Ole, Mbow Cheikh, Reenberg Anette, Diouf Awa, Farmers’ Perceptions of Climate Change and Agricultural Adaptation Strategies in Rural Sahel, 10.1007/s00267-008-9197-0
- Mortimore Michael, Adapting to Drought : Farmers, Famines and Desertification in West Africa, ISBN:9780511720772, 10.1017/cbo9780511720772
- Mortimore Michael J., Adams William M., Farmer adaptation, change and ‘crisis’ in the Sahel, 10.1016/s0959-3780(00)00044-3
- Mortimore M., Turner B., Does the Sahelian smallholder's management of woodland, farm trees, rangeland support the hypothesis of human-induced desertification?, 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2005.03.005
- Muto Megumi, Yamano Takashi, The Impact of Mobile Phone Coverage Expansion on Market Participation: Panel Data Evidence from Uganda, 10.1016/j.worlddev.2009.05.004
- Nicholson S., Journal of Arid Environments,, 1, 3 (1978)
- Nicholson S., On the question of the “recovery” of the rains in the West African Sahel, 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2005.03.004
- Niehof Anke, The significance of diversification for rural livelihood systems, 10.1016/j.foodpol.2004.07.009
- Nielsen Jonas Østergaard, The Outburst: Climate Change, Gender Relations, and Situational Analysis, 10.3167/sa.2010.540305
- Nielsen Jonas Østergaard, D'haen Sarah, Reenberg Anette, Adaptation to climate change as a development project: A case study from Northern Burkina Faso, 10.1080/17565529.2012.660357
- Nielsen Jonas Østergaard, Reenberg Anette, Cultural barriers to climate change adaptation: A case study from Northern Burkina Faso, 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2009.10.002
- Nielsen J.Ø., Reenberg A., Temporality and the problem with singling out climate as a current driver of change in a small West African village, 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2009.09.019
- Nielsen Jonas Østergaard, Reenberg Anette, Exploring causal relations: the societal effects of climate change, 10.1080/00167223.2012.741884
- Nielsen Jonas Østergaard, Vigh Henrik, Adaptive lives. Navigating the global food crisis in a changing climate, 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2012.03.010
- O'Brien Karen L, Leichenko Robin M, Double exposure: assessing the impacts of climate change within the context of economic globalization, 10.1016/s0959-3780(00)00021-2
- O’Brien Karen, Leichenko Robin, Kelkar Ulka, Venema Henry, Aandahl Guro, Tompkins Heather, Javed Akram, Bhadwal Suruchi, Barg Stephan, Nygaard Lynn, West Jennifer, Mapping vulnerability to multiple stressors: climate change and globalization in India, 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2004.01.001
- Okoth-Ogendo H. W. O., The Effect of Migration on Family Structures in Sub-Saharan Africa, 10.1111/j.1468-2435.1989.tb00259.x
- Rabe-Hesketh S., Multilevel and longitudinal modelling using stata (2008)
- Rain D., Eaters of the dry season. Circular labour migration in the West African Sahel (1999)
- Rasquez P., Meta-analysis of land use and socio-economic changes in West Africa (2006)
- Raynaut Claude, Grégoire Emmanuel, Janin Pierre, Koechlin Jean, Delville Philippe Lavigne, Bradley Phil, SOCIETIES AND NATURE IN THE SAHEL, ISBN:9780203283165, 10.4324/9780203438541
- Reardon Thomas, Using evidence of household income diversification to inform study of the rural nonfarm labor market in Africa, 10.1016/s0305-750x(96)00137-4
- Reardon Thomas, Delgado Christopher, Matlon Peter, Determinants and effects of income diversification amongst farm households in Burkina Faso, 10.1080/00220389208422232
- Reardon Thomas, Matlon Peter, Delgado Christopher, Coping with household-level food insecurity in drought-affected areas of Burkina Faso, 10.1016/0305-750x(88)90109-x
- Reardon Thomas, Taylor J.Edward, Agroclimatic shock, income inequality, and poverty: Evidence from Burkina Faso, 10.1016/0305-750x(96)00009-5
- Reenberg Anette, Nielsen Trine Louring, Rasmussen Kjeld, Field expansion and reallocation in the Sahel – land use pattern dynamics in a fluctuating biophysical and socio-economic environment, 10.1016/s0959-3780(98)00003-x
- Reenberg Anette, Paarup-Laursen Bjarke, Determinants for land use strategies in a Sahelian agro-ecosystem—Anthropological and ecological geographical aspects of natural resource management, 10.1016/s0308-521x(96)00062-5
- Reid Paul, Vogel Coleen, Living and responding to multiple stressors in South Africa—Glimpses from KwaZulu-Natal, 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2006.01.003
- Reynolds J. F., Smith D. M. S., Lambin E. F., Turner B. L., Mortimore M., Batterbury S. P. J., Downing T. E., Dowlatabadi H., Fernandez R. J., Herrick J. E., Huber-Sannwald E., Jiang H., Leemans R., Lynam T., Maestre F. T., Ayarza M., Walker B., Global Desertification: Building a Science for Dryland Development, 10.1126/science.1131634
- Rigg Jonathan, Land, farming, livelihoods, and poverty: Rethinking the links in the Rural South, 10.1016/j.worlddev.2005.07.015
- Rogaly Ben, Embedded markets: Hired labour arrangements in west Bengal agriculture, 10.1080/13600819708424130
- Roncoli C, Ingram K, Kirshen P, The costs and risks of coping with drought: livelihood impacts and farmers' responses in Burkina Faso, 10.3354/cr019119
- Rosenzweig Mark R., Risk, Implicit Contracts and the Family in Rural Areas of Low-Income Countries, 10.2307/2233724
- Rosenzweig Mark R., Stark Oded, Consumption Smoothing, Migration, and Marriage: Evidence from Rural India, 10.1086/261633
- Skinner Elliott P., Sankara and the Burkinabé Revolution: Charisma and Power, Local and External Dimensions, 10.1017/s0022278x0001171x
- Smith Davd Rider, Gordon Ann, Meadows Kate, Zwick Karen, Livelihood diversification in Uganda: patterns and determinants of change across two rural districts, 10.1016/s0306-9192(01)00012-4
- Tacoli Cecilia, Rural-urban interactions: a guide to the literature, 10.1177/095624789801000105
- Taylor J. Edward, Yunez-Naude Antonio, The Returns from Schooling in a Diversified Rural Economy, 10.1111/0002-9092.00025
- Thomas David S.G., Twyman Chasca, Equity and justice in climate change adaptation amongst natural-resource-dependent societies, 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2004.10.001
- Thomas David S. G., Twyman Chasca, Osbahr Henny, Hewitson Bruce, Adaptation to climate change and variability: farmer responses to intra-seasonal precipitation trends in South Africa, 10.1007/s10584-006-9205-4
- Thorsen Dorte, 'We Help our Husbands!' Negotiating the Household Budget in Rural Burkina Faso, 10.1111/1467-7660.00243
- Tschakert Petra, Views from the vulnerable: Understanding climatic and other stressors in the Sahel, 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2006.11.008
- Andrew Wardell D, Reenberg Anette, Tøttrup Christian, Historical footprints in contemporary land use systems: forest cover changes in savannah woodlands in the Sudano-Sahelian zone, 10.1016/s0959-3780(03)00056-6
- Werthmann Katja, Working in a boom-town: Female perspectives on gold-mining in Burkina Faso, 10.1016/j.resourpol.2008.09.002
- Winters Paul, Davis Benjamin, Carletto Gero, Covarrubias Katia, Quiñones Esteban J., Zezza Alberto, Azzarri Carlo, Stamoulis Kostas, Assets, Activities and Rural Income Generation: Evidence from a Multicountry Analysis, 10.1016/j.worlddev.2009.01.010
- Winters Paul, Davis Benjamin, Corral Leonardo, Assets, activities and income generation in rural Mexico: factoring in social and public capital, 10.1111/j.1574-0862.2002.tb00112.x
- Wouterse Fleur, Taylor J. Edward, Migration and Income Diversification:, 10.1016/j.worlddev.2007.03.009
- Yúnez-Naude Antonio, Edward Taylor J, The Determinants of Nonfarm Activities and Incomes of Rural Households in Mexico, with Emphasis on Education, 10.1016/s0305-750x(00)00108-x
- Ziervogel Gina, Bharwani Sukaina, Downing Thomas E., Adapting to climate variability: Pumpkins, people and policy, 10.1111/j.1477-8947.2006.00121.x
Bibliographic reference |
D'haen, Sarah Ann Lise ; Lambin, Eric ; Nielsen, Jonas Østergaard. Beyond local climate: rainfall variability as a determinant of household nonfarm activities in contemporary rural Burkina Faso. In: Climate and Development, Vol. 6, no. 2, p. 144-165 (2014) |
Permanent URL |
http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/159664 |