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Modelling of fast hydraulic transients: issues, challenges, perspectives

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Zech, Yves [UCL] Soares Frazao, Sandra [UCL] Van Emelen, Sylvie [UCL]

The paper proposes an overview of different modelling approaches used for severe transients, particularly dam‑break waves. One‑, two‑ and three‑dimensional approaches are briefly recalled with some examples in order to highlight their strengths and weaknesses, especially regarding the accurate speed of information through the numerical schemes. Two examples are developed with more details in order to highlight the result sensitivity to the selected model: the classical circular dam break and its dependency on the mesh, and the behaviour of the dam‑break flow in a 90° bend. Experimental data are also presented in order to show that, even in the near‑field, hydrostatic pressure assumption has a limited impact on the accuracy. Some results from Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics are also compared to common Eulerian approaches. In order to use the best of each approach, hybrid methods are also considered through the example of the 90° bend. Fast transients generally induce erosion and deposition of large amounts of sediment. The challenge is now to account for the inertia of the sediments suddenly mobilised. A two‑layer model is proposed, with some assumptions, not wholly in line with experimental observations, but with promising results. Several improvements are tested but closure equations remain delicate and require more fundamental investigations.

Document type Article de périodique (Journal article) – Article de recherche
Access type Accès libre
Publication date 2015
Language Anglais
Journal information "La Houille Blanche : revue internationale de l'eau/international water journal" - no. 5, p. 5-15 (2015)
Peer reviewed yes
Publisher Société Hydrotechnique de France
issn 0018-6368
e-issn 1958-5551
Publication status Publié
Affiliation UCL - SST/IMMC/GCE - Civil and environmental engineering
Keywords Dam-break ; hybrid approaches ; sheet flow ; two-layer approach
Links
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Bibliographic reference Zech, Yves ; Soares Frazao, Sandra ; Van Emelen, Sylvie. Modelling of fast hydraulic transients: issues, challenges, perspectives. In: La Houille Blanche : revue internationale de l'eau/international water journal, no. 5, p. 5-15 (2015)
Permanent URL http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/145555