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The changes in adenine nucleotides measured in glucose-stimulated rodent islets occur in beta cells but not in alpha cells and are also observed in human islets.

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de Timary, Philippe [UCL] Dejonghe, S Ling, Z Pipeleers, D. Schuit, F. C. [UCL] Henquin, Jean-Claude [UCL]

Glucose metabolism by pancreatic beta and alpha cells is essential for stimulation of insulin secretion and inhibition of glucagon secretion. Studies using rodent islets have suggested that the ATP/ADP ratio serves as second messenger in beta cells. This study compared the effects of glucose on glucose oxidation ([U-14C]glucose) and adenine nucleotides (luminometric method) in purified rat alpha and beta cells. The rate of glucose oxidation at 1 mM glucose was higher in beta than alpha cells (4.5-fold, i.e. approximately 2-fold after normalization for cell size). It was more strongly stimulated by 10 mM glucose in beta cells (9-fold) than in alpha cells (5-fold). At 1 mM glucose, ATP levels were similar in both cell types, which corresponds to an approximately 2-fold higher concentration in alpha cells ( approximately 6.5 mM) than in beta cells ( approximately 3 mM). In beta cells, glucose dose-dependently increased ATP and decreased ADP levels, causing a rise in the ATP/ADP ratio from 2.4 to 11.6 at 1 and 10 mM, respectively. In alpha cells, glucose did not affect ATP and ADP levels, and the ATP/ADP ratio remained stable around 7.5. In human islets, the ATP/ADP ratio progressively increased between 1 and 10 mM glucose. In duct cells, which often contaminate human islet preparations, an increase in the ATP/ADP ratio sometimes occurred between 1 and 3 mM glucose. In conclusion, the present observations establish that the regulation of glucagon secretion by glucose does not involve changes in alpha cell adenine nucleotides and further support the role of the ATP/ADP ratio in the control of insulin secretion.

Document type Article de périodique (Journal article) – Article de recherche – Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Access type Accès restreint
Publication date 1998
Language Anglais
Journal information "The Journal of biological chemistry" - Vol. 273, no. 51, p. 33905-8 (1998)
Peer reviewed yes
issn 0021-9258
Publication status Publié
Affiliations UCL - MD/FSIO - Département de physiologie et pharmacologie
UCL - MD/NOPS - Département de neurologie et de psychiatrie
UCL - (SLuc) Service de psychiatrie adulte
MESH Subject Adenosine Diphosphate - metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphate - metabolism ; Adult ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Glucose - pharmacology - physiology ; Glycolysis ; Humans ; Islets of Langerhans - cytology - drug effects - metabolism ; Kinetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Species Specificity
Links
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Bibliographic reference de Timary, Philippe ; Dejonghe, S ; Ling, Z ; Pipeleers, D. ; Schuit, F. C. ; et. al. The changes in adenine nucleotides measured in glucose-stimulated rodent islets occur in beta cells but not in alpha cells and are also observed in human islets.. In: The Journal of biological chemistry, Vol. 273, no. 51, p. 33905-8 (1998)
Permanent URL http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/12510