Comparison of time- and frequency-domain off-ground GPR systems for measuring the soil electromagnetic properties

Mahmoudzadeh Ardekani, Mohammad Reza [UCL] Vanclooster, Marnik [UCL] Lambot, Sébastien [UCL]

In this research we study the reliability of the retrieved parameters from the full-waveform inversion by comparing two different GPR systems, namely, frequency- and time-domain systems. A combination of a vector network analyzer and a TEM-horn antenna was used as a frequency-domain GPR while a GSSI GPR system using a bowtie antenna was used as a time-domain GPR. Both antennas were calibrated over a perfect electric conductor. The measurements over a sand layer were conducted using both systems at different antenna heights. Then the full-waveform inversion was applied in order to retrieve the physical and electromagnetic parameters of the multilayered media. The results showed a great agreement of the parameters for both systems and showed a perfect reliability for the retrieval parameters using full-waveform GPR modelling