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Personality traits influence contest outcome, and vice versa, in a territorial butterfly

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Kaiser, Aurélien [UCL] Merckx, Thomas [UCL] Van Dyck, Hans [UCL]

Holding a territory is often crucial in order to acquire key resources, including mating partners. However, few studies have investigated the role of animal personality in the context of territorial conflicts and how the contest outcome itself may influence personality traits. We studied personality in male Speckled wood butterflies, Pararge aegeria, before and after territorial contests for sunspot territories. Before interactions, boldness decreased with age, while activity and exploration were only influenced by ambient conditions. Neither age nor morphology did influence the probability to win contests, but winners were more active and more explorative than losers and, moreover, males that received a red wing mark were more likely to be winners. Butterflies that lost a contest showed pronounced behavioural changes. Mean boldness increased and its repeatability was disrupted, while no such change was detected in winners. The observed boldness increase in losers may be explained by a ‘desperado effect’, though its implication for successive contests remains unknown. Given that territoriality is expected to have important consequences for reproductive success, our results suggest that personality traits may indirectly contribute to individual fitness by influencing the ability to gain access to mate-location patches.

Document type Article de périodique (Journal article)
Access type Accès libre
Publication date 2019
Language Anglais
Journal information "Scientific Reports" - Vol. 9, no.1, p. 2778 (2019)
Peer reviewed yes
Publisher Springer Nature
issn 2045-2322
Publication status Publié
Affiliation UCL - SST/ELI/ELIB - Biodiversity
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Bibliographic reference Kaiser, Aurélien ; Merckx, Thomas ; Van Dyck, Hans. Personality traits influence contest outcome, and vice versa, in a territorial butterfly. In: Scientific Reports, Vol. 9, no.1, p. 2778 (2019)
Permanent URL http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/220964