Pest categorisation of Ips duplicatus

Jeger, Michael [Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London] Bragard, Claude [UCL] Caffier, David [High Council for biotechnology] Candresse, Thierry [Institut National de la Recerche Agronomique (INRA). Plant virus Team] Chatzivassiliou, Elisavet [Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Crop Science, Plant Pathology Laboratory] Dehnen‐Schmutz, Katharina [Coventry University, UK, Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience (CAWR)] Gilioli, Gianni [University of Brescia, Medical School, Department of Molecular and Transitional Medicine] Jaques Miret, Josep Anton [IOBC-WPRS] MacLeod, Alan [Department for environment food and rural affairs (Defra), Chief Plant Health Officer’s Unit] Navajas Navarro, Maria [Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)] Niere, Björn [Julius Kühn-Institut, Institute for Plant Protection in Field Crops and Grassland] Parnell, Stephen [University of Salford, Mancheste] Potting, Roel [Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority. Office for Risk Assessment and Research] Rafoss, Trond [Bioforsk - Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research. Plant Health and Plant Protection Division] Rossi, Vittorio [Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Facoltà di scienze agrarie, alimentari e ambientali, Department of Sustainable Crop Production] Urek, Gregor [Agricultural institute of Slovenia - Kmetijski inštitut Slovenije, Ljubljana, Slovenia] Van Bruggen, Ariena [University of Florida] Van der Werf, Wopke [Wageningen University. Department of Plant Sciences, Centre for Crop Systems Analysis] West, Jonathan [Rothamsted Research, Department of Plant Biology and Crop Science] Winter, Stephan [Plant Virus Department, German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, DSMZ GmbH] Kertész, Virág [EFSA European Food Safety Authority | EFSA · Animal and Plant Health Unit] Aukhojee, Mitesha [EFSA European Food Safety Authority | EFSA] Grégoire, Jean‐Claude [Université Libre de Bruxelles, Interfaculty School of Bioengineers] et al.[show all]

The Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of the double-spined bark beetle, Ips duplicatus (Sahlberg, 1836) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae), for the EU. I. duplicatus is a well-defined and distinguishable species, native to Europe and attacking mainly spruce (Picea spp.) but also observed on pine (Pinus spp.) and larch (Larix spp.). It is distributed in 15 EU Member States and is locally spreading in some of them. I. duplicatus is listed in Annex IIB of Council Directive 2000/29/EC. Protected zones are in place in Ireland, Greece and the United Kingdom. Wood, wood products, bark, and wood packaging material are considered as pathways for this pest, which is also able to disperse by flight. The insects mostly attacks scattered individual standing trees in the stands, often when the trees are weakened by dry conditions or by pathogens, and they very rarely infest fallen or cut logs. The males produce pheromones that attract conspecifics of both sexes. Each male attracts 1–5 females and they establish a brood system; each female produces 1–60 offspring. The insects also inoculate their hosts with pathogenic fungi. There are one to three generations per year. The current geographic range of I. duplicatus suggests that it is able to establish in most of the EU, including the protected zones,where its hosts are present. Sanitary thinning or clear-felling and pheromone trapping are the usual control methods. All criteria for consideration as potential protected zone quarantine pest are met. The criteria for considering I. duplicatus as a potential regulated non-quarantine pest are not met since plants for planting are not viewed as a pathway.