User menu

Accès à distance ? S'identifier sur le proxy UCLouvain

Western anti-Muslim prejudice: Value conflict or discrimination of persons too?

Primary tabs

Van der Noll, Jolanda [UCL] Saroglou, Vassilis [UCL] Latour, David [UCL] Dolezal, Nathalie [UCL]

Do Western anti-Muslim attitudes reflect Islamophobia, as a general ethnoreligious prejudice that does not distinguish between persons and ideas, values, or behavior, or are they limited to issues perceived to be in conflict with Western liberal values? In two experiments, we measured discrimination as decreased willingness to help a Muslim versus non-Muslim target to undertake an action that was either neural or in conflict with Western liberal values. Participants did not show general, but conditional, anti-Muslim discrimination: the two targets were treated equally when the cause was neutral, but there was less willingness to help the Muslim target when the cause was conflicting (protesting against the headscarf ban and against gay rights). However, participants demonstrated subtle discrimination by showing less willingness to help the protesting Muslim compared to the protesting non-Muslim target. Individual differences moderated these effects, with multiculturalism predicting conditional outgroup prosociality, ethnocentrism predicting global outgroup discrimination, and pro-atheism attitudes predicting both conditional outgroup prosociality and unprejudiced rejection of value conflicting behavior.

Document type Article de périodique (Journal article) – Article de recherche
Access type Accès restreint
Publication date 2018
Language Anglais
Journal information "Political Psychology" - Vol. 39, no. 2, p. 281-301 (2018)
Peer reviewed yes
Publisher Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc. ((United States) Hoboken)
issn 0162-895X
e-issn 1467-9221
Publication status Publié
Affiliation UCL - SSH/IPSY - Psychological Sciences Research Institute
Links
  1. van den Akker H., van der Ploeg R., Scheepers P., Disapproval of Homosexuality: Comparative Research on Individual and National Determinants of Disapproval of Homosexuality in 20 European Countries, 10.1093/ijpor/edr058
  2. Alexander Amy C., Welzel Christian, Islam and patriarchy: how robust is Muslim support for patriarchal values?, 10.1080/03906701.2011.581801
  3. Arends-Tóth Judit, Vijver Fons J. R. Van De, Multiculturalism and acculturation: views of Dutch and Turkish-Dutch : Multiculturalism and acculturation, 10.1002/ejsp.143
  4. Batson C. Daniel, Floyd Randy B., Meyer Julie M., Winner Alana L., "And Who Is My Neighbor?:" Intrinsic Religion as a Source of Universal Compassion, 10.2307/1387605
  5. Bleich Erik, What Is Islamophobia and How Much Is There? Theorizing and Measuring an Emerging Comparative Concept, 10.1177/0002764211409387
  6. Boer, Handbuch Kurzskalen psychologischer Merkmale (2013)
  7. Brambor Thomas, Clark William Roberts, Golder Matt, Understanding Interaction Models: Improving Empirical Analyses, 10.1093/pan/mpi014
  8. Crandall Christian S., Eshleman Amy, A justification-suppression model of the expression and experience of prejudice., 10.1037/0033-2909.129.3.414
  9. Duriez, Psyke & Logos, 28, 767 (2007)
  10. Duriez Bart, Soenens Bart, Hutsebaut Dirk, Introducing the shortened Post-Critical Belief Scale, 10.1016/j.paid.2004.06.009
  11. Elver Hilal, The Headscarf ControversySecularism and Freedom of Religion, ISBN:9780199769292, 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199769292.001.0001
  12. Fetzer, Islamophobia in the West: Measuring and explaining individual attitudes, 101 (2012)
  13. Field, Islamophobia in the West: Measuring and explaining individual attitudes, 147 (2012)
  14. Fiske Susan T., North Michael S., Measures of Stereotyping and Prejudice, Measures of Personality and Social Psychological Constructs (2015) ISBN:9780123869159 p.684-718, 10.1016/b978-0-12-386915-9.00024-3
  15. Flanagan Scott C., Lee Aie-Rie, The New Politics, Culture Wars, and The Authoritarian-Libertarian Value Change in Advanced Industrial Democracies, 10.1177/0010414002250664
  16. Gerhards Jürgen, Non-Discrimination towards Homosexuality : The European Union’s Policy and Citizens’ Attitudes towards Homosexuality in 27 European Countries, 10.1177/0268580909346704
  17. Gieling Maike, Thijs Jochem, Verkuyten Maykel, Tolerance of Practices by Muslim Actors: An Integrative Social-Developmental Perspective : Tolerance of Muslim Practices, 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01480.x
  18. Gustavsson Gina, van der Noll Jolanda, Sundberg Ralph, Opposing the veil in the name of liberalism: popular attitudes to liberalism and Muslim veiling in the Netherlands, 10.1080/01419870.2015.1124126
  19. Halliday Fred, 'Islamophobia' reconsidered, 10.1080/014198799329305
  20. Haubert Jeannie, Fussell Elizabeth, Explaining Pro-Immigrant Sentiment in the U.S.: Social Class, Cosmopolitanism, and Perceptions of Immigrants1, 10.1111/j.1747-7379.2006.00033.x
  21. Hayes, Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach (2013)
  22. Hooghe Marc, Meeusen Cecil, Is Same-Sex Marriage Legislation Related to Attitudes Toward Homosexuality? : Trends in Tolerance of Homosexuality in European Countries Between 2002 and 2010, 10.1007/s13178-013-0125-6
  23. Hopkins Nick, Kahani-Hopkins Vered, Minority group members' theories of intergroup contact: A case study of British Muslims' conceptualizations of Islamophobia and social change, 10.1348/014466605x48583
  24. Imhoff Roland, Recker Julia, Differentiating Islamophobia: Introducing a New Scale to Measure Islamoprejudice and Secular Islam Critique : Differentiating Islamophobia, 10.1111/j.1467-9221.2012.00911.x
  25. Kalkan, Islamophobia in the West: Measuring and explaining individual attitudes, 165 (2012)
  26. Kauff Mathias, Issmer Christian, Nau Johannes, Pro-Diversity Beliefs and Everyday Ethnic Discrimination on Grounds of Foreign Names : Diversity beliefs and ethnic discrimination, 10.1002/casp.2143
  27. Love Erik, Confronting Islamophobia in the United States: framing civil rights activism among Middle Eastern Americans, 10.1080/00313220903109367
  28. Lyons-Padilla Sarah, Gelfand Michele J., Mirahmadi Hedieh, Farooq Mehreen, van Egmond Marieke, Belonging nowhere: Marginalization & radicalization risk among Muslim immigrants, 10.1353/bsp.2015.0019
  29. McFarland Sam, Webb Matthew, Brown Derek, All humanity is my ingroup: A measure and studies of identification with all humanity., 10.1037/a0028724
  30. Mummendey Amélie, Klink Andreas, Brown Rupert, Nationalism and patriotism: National identification and out-group rejection, 10.1348/014466601164740
  31. Noll, International Journal of Conflict and Violence, 4, 191 (2010)
  32. van der Noll Jolanda, Religious toleration of Muslims in the German Public Sphere, 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2013.01.001
  33. Noll, Politics, Culture and Socialization, 1, 239 (2010)
  34. Noll Jolanda van der, Poppe Edwin, Verkuyten Maykel, Political Tolerance and Prejudice: Differential Reactions Toward Muslims in the Netherlands, 10.1080/01973530903540067
  35. Pettigrew T. F., Meertens R. W., Subtle and blatant prejudice in western Europe, 10.1002/ejsp.2420250106
  36. Pettigrew Thomas F., Tropp Linda R., A meta-analytic test of intergroup contact theory., 10.1037/0022-3514.90.5.751
  37. Riek Blake M., Mania Eric W., Gaertner Samuel L., Intergroup Threat and Outgroup Attitudes: A Meta-Analytic Review, 10.1207/s15327957pspr1004_4
  38. van Rijswijk Wendy, Hopkins Nick, Johnston Hannah, The role of social categorization and identity threat in the perception of migrants, 10.1002/casp.1011
  39. Saroglou, Handbook of the psychology of religion and spirituality, 330 (2013)
  40. Saroglou Vassilis, Galand Philippe, Identities, Values, and Religion: A Study Among Muslim, Other Immigrant, and Native Belgian Young Adults After the 9/11 Attacks, 10.1207/s1532706xid0402_1
  41. Saroglou Vassilis, Lamkaddem Bahija, Van Pachterbeke Matthieu, Buxant Coralie, Host society's dislike of the Islamic veil: The role of subtle prejudice, values, and religion, 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2009.02.005
  42. Saroglou Vassilis, Mathijsen François, Religion, multiple identities, and acculturation: A study of Muslim immigrants in Belgium, 10.1163/008467207x188757
  43. Schwartz Shalom H., Universals in the Content and Structure of Values: Theoretical Advances and Empirical Tests in 20 Countries, Advances in Experimental Social Psychology (1992) ISBN:9780120152254 p.1-65, 10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60281-6
  44. Sears David O., Henry P. J., The origins of symbolic racism., 10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.259
  45. Sniderman, When ways of life collide (2007)
  46. Spruyt Bram, van der Noll Jolanda, The “Islamized Stranger”: On “Chronic” Versus “Contextual” Salience in the Measurement of Anti-Muslim Prejudice : The “Islamized Stranger”, 10.1111/pops.12383
  47. Statham Paul, How ordinary people view Muslim group rights in Britain, the Netherlands, France and Germany: significant ‘gaps’ between majorities and Muslims?, 10.1080/1369183x.2015.1082288
  48. Strabac Zan, Listhaug Ola, Anti-Muslim prejudice in Europe: A multilevel analysis of survey data from 30 countries, 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2007.02.004
  49. Streib, APA Handbook of psychology, religion and spirituality, 713 (2013)
  50. Stürmer Stefan, Snyder Mark, Kropp Alexandra, Siem Birte, Empathy-Motivated Helping: The Moderating Role of Group Membership, 10.1177/0146167206287363
  51. Frølund Thomsen Jens Peter, How does Intergroup Contact Generate Ethnic Tolerance? The Contact Hypothesis in a Scandinavian Context : How does Intergroup Contact Generate Ethnic Tolerance? The Contact Hypothesis in a Scandinavian Context, 10.1111/j.1467-9477.2011.00282.x
  52. Unkelbach Christian, Schneider Hella, Gode Kai, Senft Miriam, A Turban Effect, Too: Selection Biases Against Women Wearing Muslim Headscarves, 10.1177/1948550610378381
  53. Velasco González Karina, Verkuyten Maykel, Weesie Jeroen, Poppe Edwin, Prejudice towards Muslims in The Netherlands: Testing integrated threat theory, 10.1348/014466608x284443
  54. Verkuyten Maykel, Justifying discrimination against Muslim immigrants: Out-group ideology and the five-step social identity model : Justifying discrimination, 10.1111/j.2044-8309.2011.02081.x
  55. Zick , A. Küpper , B. 2009 Attitudes towards the Islam and Muslims in Europe. Selected results of the study “Group-focused enmity in Europe” http://www.uni-bielefeld.de/ikg/zick/Islam_prejudices_GFE_europe.pdf
  56. Zuckerman Phil, Atheism, Secularity, and Well-Being: How the Findings of Social Science Counter Negative Stereotypes and Assumptions, 10.1111/j.1751-9020.2009.00247.x
Bibliographic reference Van der Noll, Jolanda ; Saroglou, Vassilis ; Latour, David ; Dolezal, Nathalie. Western anti-Muslim prejudice: Value conflict or discrimination of persons too?. In: Political Psychology, Vol. 39, no. 2, p. 281-301 (2018)
Permanent URL http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/179097