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Zinc-dependent mechanical properties ofStaphylococcus aureusbiofilm-forming surface protein SasG

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Formosa, Cécile [UCL] Speziale, Pietro Foster, Timothy J. Geoghegan, Joan A. Dufrêne, Yves [UCL]

Staphylococcus aureus surface protein SasG promotes cell–cell adhesion during the accumulation phase of biofilm formation, but the molecular basis of this interaction remains poorly understood. Here, we unravel the mechanical properties of SasG on the surface of living bacteria, that is, in its native cellular environment. Nanoscale multiparametric imaging of living bacteria reveals that Zn2+ strongly increases cell wall rigidity and activates the adhesive function of SasG. Single-cell force measurements show that SasG mediates cell–cell adhesion via specific Zn2+-dependent homophilic bonds between β-sheet–rich G5–E domains on neighboring cells. The force required to unfold individual domains is remarkably strong, up to ∼500 pN, thus explaining how SasG can withstand physiological shear forces. We also observe that SasG forms homophilic bonds with the structurally related accumulation-associated protein of Staphylococcus epidermidis, suggesting the possibility of multispecies biofilms during host colonization and infection. Collectively, our findings support a model in which zinc plays a dual role in activating cell–cell adhesion: adsorption of zinc ions to the bacterial cell surface increases cell wall cohesion and favors the projection of elongated SasG proteins away from the cell surface, thereby enabling zincdependent homophilic bonds between opposing cells. This work demonstrates an unexpected relationship between mechanics and adhesion in a staphylococcal surface protein, which may represent a general mechanism among bacterial pathogens for activating cell association.

Document type Article de périodique (Journal article) – Article de recherche
Access type Accès restreint
Publication date 2016
Language Anglais
Journal information "Proceedings of the National academy of sciences of the United States of America" - Vol. 113, no. 2, p. 410-415 (2016)
Peer reviewed yes
Publisher National academy of sciences
issn 0027-8424
e-issn 1091-6490
Publication status Publié
Affiliations UCL - SST/ISV - Institut des sciences de la vie
UCL - SST/LIBST - Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology
Keywords Staphylococcus aureus ; biofilms ; adhesion ; SasG ; atomic force microscopy
Links
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Bibliographic reference Formosa, Cécile ; Speziale, Pietro ; Foster, Timothy J. ; Geoghegan, Joan A. ; Dufrêne, Yves. Zinc-dependent mechanical properties ofStaphylococcus aureusbiofilm-forming surface protein SasG. In: Proceedings of the National academy of sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 113, no. 2, p. 410-415 (2016)
Permanent URL http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/168773