The aim of this study was to enhance the understanding of the antitumor mechanism of 1,4-naphthoquinones and ascorbate. Juglone, phenylaminonaphthoquinone-7, and 9 (Q7/Q9) were evaluated for effects on CT-DNA and DNA of cancer cells. Evaluations in MCF-7 cells are DNA damage, ROS levels, viability, and proliferation. Proteins from MCF-7 lysates were immunoblotted for verifying PARP integrity, γH2AX, and pAkt. Antitumor activity was measured in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma-bearing mice. The same markers of molecular toxicity were assessed in vivo. The naphthoquinones intercalate into CT-DNA and caused oxidative cleavage, which is increased in the presence of ascorbate. Treatments caused DNA damage and reduced viability and proliferation of MCF-7 cells. Effects were potentiated by ascorbate. No PARP cleavage was observed. Naphthoquinones, combined with ascorbate, caused phosphorylation of H2AX and inhibited pAkt. ROS were enhanced in MCF-7 cells, particularly by the juglone and Q7 plus ascorbate. Ehrlich carcinoma was inhibited by juglone, Q7, or Q9, but the potentiating effect of ascorbate was reproduced in vivo only in the cases of juglone and Q7, which caused up to 60% inhibition of tumor and the largest extension of survival. Juglone and Q7 plus ascorbate caused enhanced ROS and DNA damage and inhibited pAkt also in Ehrlich carcinoma cells.
FARIAS MIRELLE SIFRONI, PICH CLAUS TRÖGER, KVIECINSKI MAICON ROBERTO, BUCKER NÁDIA CRISTINA FALCÃO, FELIPE KARINA BETTEGA, DA SILVA FABIANA OURIQUE, GÜNTHER TÂNIA MARA FISHER, CORREIA JOÃO FRANCISCO, RÍOS DAVID, BENITES JULIO, VALDERRAMA JAIME A., CALDERON PEDRO BUC, PEDROSA ROZANGELA CURI, Substituted 3-acyl-2-phenylamino-1,4-naphthoquinones intercalate into DNA and cause genotoxicity through the increased generation of reactive oxygen species culminating in cell death, 10.3892/mmr.2014.2160
Felipe K.B., Benites J., Glorieux C., Sid B., Valenzuela M., Kviecinski M.R., Pedrosa R.C., Valderrama J.A., Levêque Ph., Gallez B., Verrax J., Buc Calderon P., Antiproliferative effects of phenylaminonaphthoquinones are increased by ascorbate and associated with the appearance of a senescent phenotype in human bladder cancer cells, 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.03.028
Kviecinski M.R., Pedrosa R.C., Felipe K.B., Farias M.S., Glorieux C., Valenzuela M., Sid B., Benites J., Valderrama J.A., Verrax J., Buc Calderon P., Inhibition of cell proliferation and migration by oxidative stress from ascorbate-driven juglone redox cycling in human bladder-derived T24 cells, 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.03.150
Thorn Caroline F., Oshiro Connie, Marsh Sharon, Hernandez-Boussard Tina, McLeod Howard, Klein Teri E., Altman Russ B., Doxorubicin pathways : pharmacodynamics and adverse effects, 10.1097/fpc.0b013e32833ffb56
Bischoff G., Hoffmann S., DNA-Binding of Drugs Used in Medicinal Therapies, 10.2174/0929867023371085
Palchaudhuri Rahul, Hergenrother Paul J, DNA as a target for anticancer compounds: methods to determine the mode of binding and the mechanism of action, 10.1016/j.copbio.2007.09.006
Journal of Cancer Molecules, 3, 139 (2007)
Chen Q., Espey M. G., Krishna M. C., Mitchell J. B., Corpe C. P., Buettner G. R., Shacter E., Levine M., Pharmacologic ascorbic acid concentrations selectively kill cancer cells: Action as a pro-drug to deliver hydrogen peroxide to tissues, 10.1073/pnas.0506390102
Du Juan, Cullen Joseph J., Buettner Garry R., Ascorbic acid: Chemistry, biology and the treatment of cancer, 10.1016/j.bbcan.2012.06.003
Espey Michael Graham, Chen Ping, Chalmers Brian, Drisko Jeanne, Sun Andrew Y., Levine Mark, Chen Qi, Pharmacologic ascorbate synergizes with gemcitabine in preclinical models of pancreatic cancer, 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.03.007
Verrax Julien, Beck Raphael, Dejeans Nicolas, Glorieux Christophe, Sid Brice, C. Pedrosa Rozangela, Benites Julio, Vasquez David, A. Valderrama Jaime, Buc Calderon Pedro, Redox-Active Quinones and Ascorbate: An Innovative Cancer Therapy That Exploits the Vulnerability of Cancer Cells to Oxidative Stress, 10.2174/187152011795255902
Benites Julio, Valderrama Jaime A., Bettega Karina, Pedrosa Rozangela Curi, Calderon Pedro Buc, Verrax Julien, Biological evaluation of donor-acceptor aminonaphthoquinones as antitumor agents, 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.10.006
da Silveira Vivian Chagas, Benezra Henri, Luz Juliana Silva, Georg Raphaela Castro, Oliveira Carla Columbano, Ferreira Ana Maria da Costa, Binding of oxindole-Schiff base copper(II) complexes to DNA and its modulation by the ligand, 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2011.09.016
Jun Tan, Bochu Wang, Liancai Zhu, Hydrolytic cleavage of DNA by quercetin manganese(II) complexes, 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2006.11.044
Singh Narendra P., McCoy Michael T., Tice Raymond R., Schneider Edward L., A simple technique for quantitation of low levels of DNA damage in individual cells, 10.1016/0014-4827(88)90265-0
Yuan Jingsong, Adamski Rachel, Chen Junjie, Focus on histone variant H2AX: To be or not to be, 10.1016/j.febslet.2010.05.021
Paull Tanya T, Rogakou Emmy P, Yamazaki Vikky, Kirchgessner Cordula U, Gellert Martin, Bonner William M, A critical role for histone H2AX in recruitment of repair factors to nuclear foci after DNA damage, 10.1016/s0960-9822(00)00610-2
Lopez Rebecca, Arumugam Arunkumar, Joseph Riya, Monga Kanika, Boopalan Thiyagarajan, Agullo Pamela, Gutierrez Christina, Nandy Sushmita, Subramani Ramadevi, de la Rosa Jose Manuel, Lakshmanaswamy Rajkumar, Hyperglycemia Enhances the Proliferation of Non-Tumorigenic and Malignant Mammary Epithelial Cells through Increased leptin/IGF1R Signaling and Activation of AKT/mTOR, 10.1371/journal.pone.0079708
Ross Gillian M., McMillan Trevor J., Wilcox Philip, Collins Andrew R., The single cell microgel electrophoresis assay (comet assay): technical aspects and applications, 10.1016/0921-8777(95)00007-7
Mosmann Tim, Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: Application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays, 10.1016/0022-1759(83)90303-4
Franken Nicolaas A P, Rodermond Hans M, Stap Jan, Haveman Jaap, van Bree Chris, Clonogenic assay of cells in vitro, 10.1038/nprot.2006.339
Glorieux Christophe, Dejeans Nicolas, Sid Brice, Beck Raphaël, Calderon Pedro Buc, Verrax Julien, Catalase overexpression in mammary cancer cells leads to a less aggressive phenotype and an altered response to chemotherapy, 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.06.007
Kviecinski M.R., Benelli P., Felipe K.B., Correia J.F.G., Pich C.T., Ferreira S.R.S., Pedrosa R.C., SFE from Bidens pilosa Linné to obtain extracts rich in cytotoxic polyacetylenes with antitumor activity, 10.1016/j.supflu.2010.12.011
Bird R.P., Draper H.H., [35] Comparative studies on different methods of malonaldehyde determination, Methods in Enzymology (1984) ISBN:9780121820053 p.299-305, 10.1016/s0076-6879(84)05038-2
Box Vernon G.S., The intercalation of DNA double helices with doxorubicin and nagalomycin, 10.1016/j.jmgm.2006.09.005
Jiang Qin, Xiao Nan, Shi Pengfei, Zhu Yangguang, Guo Zijian, Design of artificial metallonucleases with oxidative mechanism, 10.1016/j.ccr.2007.02.013
Rehman Muneeb U, Tahir Mir, Khan Abdul Quaiyoom, Khan Rehan, Oday-O-Hamiza, Lateef Abdul, Hassan Syed Kazim, Rashid Sumaya, Ali Nemat, Zeeshan Mirza, Sultana Sarwat, d-limonene suppresses doxorubicin-induced oxidative stress and inflammation via repression of COX-2, iNOS, and NFκB in kidneys of Wistar rats, 10.1177/1535370213520112
Boulares A. Hamid, Yakovlev Alexander G., Ivanova Vessela, Stoica Bogdan A., Wang Geping, Iyer Sudha, Smulson Mark, Role of Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase (PARP) Cleavage in Apoptosis : CASPASE 3-RESISTANT PARP MUTANT INCREASES RATES OF APOPTOSIS IN TRANSFECTED CELLS, 10.1074/jbc.274.33.22932
Clinical Cancer Research, 6, 1524 (2000)
Lee Sung-Jin, Ahn Hyun-Jin, Nam Kung-Woo, Kim Kyeong-Ho, Mar Woong-Chon, Effects of Rutaecarpine on Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Apoptosis in Murine Hepa-1c1c7 Cells, 10.4062/biomolther.2012.20.5.487
Arafa El-Shaimaa A., Zhu Qianzheng, Shah Zubair I., Wani Gulzar, Barakat Bassant M., Racoma Ira, El-Mahdy Mohamed A., Wani Altaf A., Thymoquinone up-regulates PTEN expression and induces apoptosis in doxorubicin-resistant human breast cancer cells, 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2010.10.007
Viglietto Giuseppe, Motti Maria Letizia, Bruni Paola, Melillo Rosa Marina, D'Alessio Amelia, Califano Daniela, Vinci Floriana, Chiappetta Gennaro, Tsichlis Philip, Bellacosa Alfonso, Fusco Alfredo, Santoro Massimo, Cytoplasmic relocalization and inhibition of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27Kip1 by PKB/Akt-mediated phosphorylation in breast cancer, 10.1038/nm762
Progress in Clinical Cancer, 1, 625 (1965)
Bibliographic reference
Ourique, Fabiana ; Kviecinski, Maicon R ; Felipe, Karina B ; Correia, João Francisco Gomes ; Farias, Mirelle S ; et. al. DNA damage and inhibition of akt pathway in mcf-7 cells and ehrlich tumor in mice treated with 1,4-naphthoquinones in combination with ascorbate. In: Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Vol. 2015, p. 495305 [1-10] (2015)