Latex immunoassay of transferrin in urine.

A fully automated assay based on latex particle agglutination has been developed for the determination of transferrin in urine. The assay consists of incubating urine samples for 30 min at 50 degrees C with latex particles on which an anti-transferrin antibody has been adsorbed and then quantifying the residual unagglutinated particles with an optical particle counter. The measurable concentration range is 0.5-10 micrograms/l. Intra- and interassay coefficients of variation varied from 2.1 to 11.8% and the recovery averaged 102.5% (SD 13.8). Correlation coefficients between transferrinuria and albuminuria were 0.79 in 100 healthy subjects and 0.97 in 90 subjects with established or suspected glomerular involvement. Transferrin and albumin were stable in urine over the pH range 5-9 for 24 h at 37 degrees C, or for 2 weeks at 4 degrees C or room temperature. Transferrin was, however, less stable than albumin during prolonged storage of urine at 4 degrees C. The present latex immunoassay of transferrin may also be adapted to give a turbidimetric reading in which agglutination is quantified by measuring the decrease of absorbance at 360 nm.