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Monitoring of urea and potassium by reverse iontophoresis in vitro.

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Wascotte, Valentine Delgado-Charro, M Begoña Rozet, Eric Wallemacq, Pierre [UCL] Hubert, Philippe Préat, Véronique [UCL]

PURPOSE: Reverse iontophoresis is an alternative to blood sampling for the monitoring of endogenous molecules. Here, the potential of the technique to measure urea and potassium levels non-invasively, and to track their concentrations during hemodialysis, has been examined. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In vitro experiments were performed to test (a) a series of subdermal urea and potassium concentrations typical of the pathophysiologic range, and (b) a decreasing profile of urea and potassium subdermal concentrations to mimic those which are observed during hemodialysis. RESULTS: (a) After 60-120 min of iontophoresis, linear relationships (p < 0.05) were established between both urea and potassium fluxes and their respective subdermal concentrations. The determination coefficients were above 0.9 after 1 h of current passage using sodium as an internal standard. (b) Reverse iontophoretic fluxes of urea and K(+) closely paralleled the decay of the respective concentrations in the subdermal compartment, as would occur during a hemodialysis session. CONCLUSIONS: These in vitro experiments demonstrate that urea and potassium can be quantitatively and proportionately extracted by reverse iontophoresis, even when the subdermal concentrations of the analytes are varying with time. These results suggest the non-invasive monitoring of urea and potassium to diagnose renal failure and during hemodialysis is feasible, and that in vivo measurements are warranted.

Document type Article de périodique (Journal article) – Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Access type Accès restreint
Publication date 2007
Journal information "Pharmaceutical research" - Vol. 24, no. 6, p. 1131-7 (2007)
Peer reviewed yes
issn 0724-8741
Publication status Publié
Affiliations UCL - MD/FARM - Ecole de pharmacie
UCL - MD/BICL - Département de biochimie et de biologie cellulaire
UCL - (SLuc) Service de biochimie médicale
MESH Subject Animals ; Iontophoresis - methods ; Potassium - analysis ; Skin - chemistry ; Swine ; Urea - analysis
Links
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Bibliographic reference Wascotte, Valentine ; Delgado-Charro, M Begoña ; Rozet, Eric ; Wallemacq, Pierre ; Hubert, Philippe ; et. al. Monitoring of urea and potassium by reverse iontophoresis in vitro.. In: Pharmaceutical research, Vol. 24, no. 6, p. 1131-7 (2007)
Permanent URL http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/10905