DNS transport protocols

Domain Name System (DNS) is a vital part of the web’s infrastructure. This is best characterized by the fact that nobody notice presence of /DNS when it works correctly but it is impossible to miss it when it stops working. The first RFC about DNS was published in 1983 in what was then called the ARPANET and would evolve to become the internet we’re familiar with Today. While new systems and functionality have been built on top of it, the DNS protocol hasn’t changed much since the eighties. In recent years, several initiative to modernize DNS through the addition of new Transport protocols for DNS (DNS over DTLS, over TLS, over HTTPS, over Quic). The goals can vary but a few can be distinguished. First Security, with the increase awareness towards privacy and the GDPR law about privacy and data protection with steep sanctions. Secondly, an improvement in the capabilities of DNS . In this document, we will have a look at the performance of several protocols used to transport DNS information to the recursive resolver. We will study the performance of those protocols compared to UDP and evaluate their behaviour in a nominal situation, and when adding lag or loss on the connection and which optimization can improve their performance in those situations.